The State of Exploited Fish Stocks in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean in 1988

Finfish have been harvested in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean since the end of the 1960s by the Soviet Union mainly. Notothenia rossii marmorata was the target species in the first peak years 1969-71 which yielded about 500,000 tonnes in 2 seasons. Since 1975/76 fishing is mostly directed to the icefish Champsocephalus gunnari and to a lesser extent Patagonotothen brevicauda guntheri. Catches of C. gunnari peaked at about 240,000, 220,000 and 100,000 tonnes in 1976-78, 1982-84 and 1986-88.
N. rossii marmorat is the species mostly affected by the fishery. Stock size around South Georgia is less than 5 % of the pristine level at present. Recruitment has dropped since the second half of the 1970s. Simulation studies indicate that the stock size will only double within 10 years time at the present level of recruitment.
Stock size of C. gunnari, around South Georgia is largely dependent on the strength of the recruiting yearclass which also forms the bulk of catches in the fishery. Stocks of C. gunnari around the South Orkney Islands and in the Peninsula region seem to be heavily depleted by the fishery and are in need for conservation measures.
P. br. guntheri is the only species for which the fishery is unregulated so far. Stock size as well as recruitment indicate a downward trend. The level of conservation measures to be established for the stock is, however, dependent on the availability of the most recent catch compositions to obtain a better assessment of the actual state of the stock.