Observation systems are essential infrastructures (for CCAMLR and beyond)

This paper develops insights about ongoing discussions, at a global level, to support the recognition of the essential character of a shared ocean observing infrastructure.This essential infrastructure, vital for research but moreover for policymaking, would integrate diverse knowledge and address fragmented interests of current oceanic stakeholders. CCAMLR's ongoing discussions are crucial for informing the ongoing design of a global ocean observation infrastructure that would also cover the Southern Ocean, complementing established benchmarks by refining essential ocean variables. SOOS encourages collaboration among stakeholders to support a robust ocean observing infrastructure, offering stronger, widely shared and cost-effective capabilities to understand, monitor, and sustainably manage the ocean. It is more pressing than ever to have a sustained and coordinated Southern Ocean observing system to provide an understanding of current conditions, inform predictions of future states, and support policies and regulations for the benefit of society.