WG-CEMP-93

The use of time-depth recorders has revolutionised knowledge of diving activity of marine animals to the point where very detailed studies of variation in diving behaviour and performance between individuals, seasons and years are possible. The degree to which the sampling interval selected effects detection of dives and statistics of diving behaviour is investigated, using data from Antarctic Read More
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The use of Shag’s pellets as an appropriate technique to monitor the abundance of littoral fish populations is presented for consideration of the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program Working Group. The effectiveness of the method is based on the very good agreement found between the fish species identified by the examinations of otoliths present in regurgitated cast and those regularly sampled Read More
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Estimates are provided for crabeater seal life-history parameters, to be incorporated into a simple model of the functional relationships between krill escapement and crabeater seal demographic performance. The crabeater seal parameters were estimated from seals collected near the Antarctic Peninsula between 1964 and 1990. Average annual survival rate of adults was estimated to be 0.93. Age at Read More
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The position of the sea ice edge around the Antarctic continent was digitised into MAPINFO GIS software from the Joint Ice Centre weekly charts of sea ice distribution. The digitised images were then used to calculate the distance of the ice edge from CEMP sites throughout the year. These data are used to construct several of the indices associated with CEMP Environmental Monitoring Method F2 Read More
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The diet of the Antarctic Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps bransfieldensis was analyzed based on the identification of the prey items in 50 regurgitated casts collected at Duthoit Point, Nelson Island, in February 1991. Benthic organisms, chiefly fish, were found to be the main components. Fish remains occurred in 100% of the casts and represented 68% by number and 90% by weight of the Read More
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Indices of predator reproductive status are calculated for CEMP parameters such as penguin weight, penguin chick weight, foraging duration, chick diet, and fur seal pup growth rates (Methods A1 - A9, B1-B2 and C1-C2) using data held at the CCAMLR Data Centre. Preliminary statistical and graphical analyses of the trends shown by the indices are also presented.

Population dynamics of Black-browed and Grey-headed Albatrosses were studied at Bird Island, South Georgia for 17 consecutive years (1975-1991). Over this period almost all the Grey-headed Albatross colonies decreased, at an average rate of 1.8% per annum. Although the total Black-browed Albatross population increased (at 0.8% p.a.), 14 of the 23 colonies (including both study colonies) Read More
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Diving behaviour of Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) was recorded continuously by time-depth recorders from two adults breeding chicks. Their diving behaviour could be split into bouts by using log frequency method. Organization of dive bouts does not differ within each individuals among days on which dives are recorded but differed between individuals, suggesting that ecological and Read More
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An activity recorder weighing 24 g with on-board data storage, designed to record data relating to seabird activity and behaviour at sea, is described. The principles, the design specification and the circuit description of the device are presented, together with data from field tests on Wandering Albatrosses Diomedea exulans to illustrate performance.

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Data on breeding population size and breeding success in gentoo penguins at Bird Island, South Georgia from 1977-1992 are used, in conjunction with empirical (and some hypothetical) data on survival and recruitment rates, to model the fluctuations in breeding populations, taking account of variations introduced by good and bad years (as classified on the basis of breeding success). There is Read More
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The effects of flipper bands, implanted tags/gastric lavage and external instrument attachment on the performance of Adelie penguins were investigated over three seasons at Bechervaise Island, Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. The return rates of birds carrying bands and/or implanted electronic transponders were compared to investigate the contribution of bands to bird mortality and to Read More
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We studied the influence of sex of pup, maternal age, birth date of pup, number of foraging trips, and the mean duration of both foraging trips at sea and nursing visits ashore on the growth and mass at weaning of pups of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) during the austral summers from 1988 to 1990. Although growth and mass at weaning were highly correlated, they were not related to Read More
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Growth of upper canine teeth of male Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) which died of natural causes at Bird Island. South Georgia, was quantified from measurements of annual layers in longitudinal sections of teeth. Mean age at death was 7∙69 ± 0∙07 years and this showed a small but significant increase through the period when samples were collected (l972/73–1988/89). There were Read More
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We studied the distributions, abundances and interactions of macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus, Antarctic fur seals Arctocephalus gazella, and their zooplankton prey, in particular Antarctic hill Euphausia superba, near Bird Island, South Georgia, South Atlantic Ocean, in February 1986. Simultaneous surveys of marine birds, Antarctic fur seals and Antarctic krill were conducted along a Read More
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A preliminary survey on 2 species of penguins, chinstrap and gentoo was made in the penguin rookery on Barton peninsula near King Sejong Station during 1992/93 breeding season based on the CCAMLR standard method. A total of 96 nests for chinstraps and 121 nests for gentoos were monitored to document breeding chronology and give a measure of breeding success. The nests to be monitored were Read More
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1. We examine the spatial distributions of pelagic seabirds and. fur seals near South Georgia, and asked to what extent the distributions of these predators were influenced by the spatial distribution of their principal prey, Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana. One novel aspect of our analysis is an explicit consideration of the separation in space between swarms of krill and aggregations Read More
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According to the suggestion made by the Working Group at the CEMP-CCAMLR Meeting held in Viña del Mar (Chile) in August 1992, the information about four complete censuses on the Antarctic fur seal, Arctocephalus gazella, carried out on Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Island, has been compiled with the purpose to clarify its population size, between the Antarctic seasons 1965-66 and 1991-92.
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