Connectivity of toothfish and krill in the Southern Ocean

Connectivity, which refers to the movement of species across space and time, of Antarctic krill and Antarctic toothfish remains largely unknown and yet is critically important to ensure precautionary spatial management, including the design of potential marine protected areas (MPAs). Currently we are performing a series of Lagrangian particle modeling experiments towards answering research questions related to where toothfish and krill live during different life history stages, migration pathways used during spawning, and connectivity of populations across the Southern Ocean. Here we share preliminary results from our first set of krill experiments and next steps for this research project. We welcome feedback and collaboration on this ongoing work.