WG-EMM-13

I would like to initiate discussions at this year’s WG-EMM that focus on how we are going to engage a larger group of scientists working for a greater proportion of the year to develop FBM. Part of these discussions should focus on the practicality of implementing FBM – what would the scheme look like on the ground, how could it be resourced and how to involve the fishery operators in our Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Brazil is coordinating the implementation of the review of the Management Plan for the Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA) No. 1, Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Archipelago. This draft revision of the management plan is has been submitted to WG-EMM to seek the advice of CCAMLR on those aspect of the management plan relevant to living marine resources following the Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) was established to detect the effects of changes in krill-based ecosystems to provide a basis for regulating harvesting of Antarctic living marine resources in accordance with the ‘ecosystem approach’.



In 2012/13 data has been submitted by six Members for 13 sites and 13 CEMP parameters.  



This report Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The Secretariat, with assistance from Prof Tetsuo Iwami, has developed a simple fish field guide designed to assist in improving the quality of observer by-catch data collected in the CCAMLR krill fishery. The draft guide provided includes a single key to distinguish fish families and 3 family specific keys for species found in the Southern Ocean. Members are invited to provide information and Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) are a key Southern Ocean higher-order predator with a diet which is largely comprised of the fishery target species Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Being central-place foragers during the breeding season, their foraging range is restricted by the physiological, environmental and time constraints imposed upon them. Knowledge of their Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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WG-EMM-STAPP is charged with estimating krill consumption by the major air-breathing predators of the Southern Ocean including ice-breeding seals, fur seals, penguins and flying seabirds. The priority region for estimation is Area 48, but the krill consumption estimates are also being developed for other regions around Antarctica under the work program of WG-EMM-STAPP as a basis for management Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In this paper we provide a brief history that describes the development of management plans and research and monitoring plans for CCAMLR MPAs. We develop a worked example of the management plan, research and monitoring plan and threats analysis for the South Orkney Islands southern shelf MPA which falls within CCAMLR MPA Planning Domain 1. We suggest that this CCAMLR MPA Report for the South Read More
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Admin Admin (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In this paper we provide a brief summary of new plans for the study of penguin populations and associated population processes over the coming years. We envisage that our studies will provide new and up-to-date information about penguin population sizes and trends, and information about penguin survival, demography and phenology. We describe the range of new methodologies that we will employed Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Antarctic krill fisheries have the potential to be in the top 10 fisheries of the world in terms of biomass production. The expansion of the fishery from current levels appears inevitable given the demand for protein and the efficiencies now being developed in the fishery.  CCAMLR is developing a feedback management procedure for these fisheries. Implementation of such a feedback Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The ICED programme is investigating how climate change might impact Southern Ocean ecosystems in order to help inform management of Southern Ocean fisheries. ICED will convene a workshop and conference session in the near future in order to address these issues. The theme of the November 2013 workshop is “Southern Ocean food webs and scenarios of change”, and that of the June 2014 conference Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) are a key species in Southern Ocean ecosystems, maintaining very large numbers of predators, and fluctuations in their abundance can affect the overall structure and functioning of the ecosystems. The inter-annual variability in the abundance and biomass of krill was examined using a 15 year time series of acoustic observations undertaken in the Western Core Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The climate-induced changes presently seen in the ecosystems of Antarctic region require a precautionary approach with respect to the human use of these ecosystems. In particular, resource harvesting requires enough basic knowledge as well as adequate monitoring to avoid unintended impacts on the harvested stocks as well as the associated ecosystem. Due to the vastness and remoteness of the Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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As agreed in 2012 (SC-CAMLR XXXI para 10.6) SCAR and CCAMLR held a 1-day Action Group meeting in Brussels during the ATCM. The aims of the meeting included examining specific mechanisms that SCAR and CCAMLR might implement to work together in a more strategic manner and identifying a series of topics/issues that are of common interest to SCAR and CCAMLR that could form an agenda for more Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Southern ocean processes are intimately linked to some of the most pressing challenges faced by society today: climate change, ocean acidification and the sustainable management of marine resources. To address these challenges we need to improve our understanding of the natural causes and consequences of Southern Ocean change. Sustained observations, which can only be large enough and Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In late 2012 SCAR, BirdLife and BAS developed a successful proposal (to the UK Darwin Plus Fund) to build an integrated database that would facilitate the analysis of penguin tracking data. The database will have a web-based user interface that will allow data holders to submit data and attach a range of access levels; access may be granted only to the data holder, to a wider group, or to a Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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As part of its long-term goal, ICED encourages the rescue and integration of existing data sets to enable investigation of long-term, large-scale ecosystem dynamics across the Southern Ocean. Historical data sets have a particular value in providing ‘baseline’ physical and biological data, against which we can assess current and future dynamics of ecosystems under scenarios of climate and Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Antarctic krill is an obligate cold water species, an increasingly important fishery resource and a major prey item for many fish, birds and mammals in the Southern Ocean. The fishery and the summer foraging sites of many of these predators are concentrated between 0° and 90°W. Parts of this sector have experienced recent localised sea surface warming of up to 0.2°C     per Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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WG-EMM has a broad agenda for discussions in 2013, including the following items related to feedback management: “review of spatial and temporal structure in the ecosystem in which the current Area 48 fishery operates” and “development of agreed decision-making mechanisms for the candidate feedback management approaches”. The British Antarctic Survey Ecosystems programme and its predecessors Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In recent years, CCAMLR member states undertook substantial efforts to designate marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Southern Ocean. While MPA planning for six domains is underway, for three domains CCAMLR member states were asked to take the lead in MPA planning. At the CCAMLR meeting in 2012, the Commission welcomed the offer of Germany to take the lead in developing a Weddell Sea MPA for Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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As part of the CCAMLR Scheme of International Scientific Observation, observers on-board Krill (Euphausia superba) fishing vessels measure the length of individual Krill sampled from commercial catches. These extremely valuable data may be used to monitor the state of harvested Krill populations. For instance, investigating length frequency distributions (LFDs) and their change over Read More
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Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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A meso-scale zooplankton and krill net sampling survey was carried out in the north-western Weddell See and in Bransfield Strait/western Antarctic Peninsula during late January to early March 2013. The aim of the survey was to study the zooplankton composition and krill abundance and distribution in the outflow region of the Weddell Sea. Due to severe pack-ice conditions, more than half of the Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The authors analyzed the spatial-temporal structure of standardized indices of catch per effort unit (CPUE)  of Antarctic krill fishery in the Area 48    in  relation to dynamic of ААО indices (Antarctic Oscillation Index) as one of the factors used in analysis of inter-annual and long-period fluctuations of hydrometeorological conditions at high latitudes of the Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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This paper introduces a proposed data integration and assimilation tool to assist the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program in obtaining policy-relevant summaries of Adélie penguin abundance and distribution. The engine of this decision-support tool is a physically-based algorithm for retrieval of continent-wide Adélie penguin distribution and abundance from satellite remote sensing imagery. An Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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We present new censuses data for a suite of chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) and gentoo (P. papua) penguin colonies in the Cierva Cove region of the Danco Coast, including ASPA No. 134. Data indicate an overall increase in breeding population size of chinstrap and gentoo penguins. Given positive population growth in recent years in this rapidly changing environment and a Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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There is presently debate over the degree to which the fishery for Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni; ‘toothfish’) in the Ross Sea may affect the ecological viability of top predators such as Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), but available evidence remains inconclusive as a result of both methodological limitations and knowledge gaps.  We present new Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Information on type C killer whales in the Ross Sea region is reviewed, in particular on the trophic overlap between type C killer whales and Antarctic toothfish. Killer whale population ecology (high consumption rates, low abundances, low production rates, often specialised diets, unknown potential for foraging innovation) means that they are particularly vulnerable to changes in the Read More
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Admin Admin (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) is an indicator species used by the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) to detect effects of anthropogenic activities (e.g. commercial fishing) on the Antarctic marine ecosystem.  The goal of this study was to assess annual variation and trends in the number of Adélie penguin breeding pairs at colonies in the western Ross Sea.  Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Understanding the relative effects of biotic and abiotic drivers of survival, and the interactions between them, is a key component in understanding the factors driving changes in animal populations.  Body size, mass and condition may be important determinants of an organism’s ability to survive periods of low resource availiability or high metabolic demand.  Such effects may be Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The dynamic of krill fishery in the Subarea 48.1 and its relation to the environment variability was analyzed.  It was revealed  that the dynamic of ААО indices (Antarctic Oscillation Index) used as an indicator of the inter-annual and long-period fluctuations of hydrometeorological conditions at high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere was traced through the climatic changes of the Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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INFORMATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR CEMP SITES WITHIN THE ARGENTINE ISLANDS presented in accordance with Conservation Measure 91-01 (2004) “Procedure for according protection to CEMP sites”, ANNEX 91-01/A “INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR CEMP SITES”. Presented the draft management plan for organization of the CEMP sites within the Argentine Islands.

The pelagic trawlers involved in the fishery for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) apply different trawl designs. Very little information exists on the size selectivity of E. superba. Size selectivity describes a given trawls designs ability to catch different sizes of a population and is valuable information for the management of harvested marine stocks. Size selectivity Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In this study, we introduce the initial results from three seasons (2011-2013) of penguin observations made in the waters off the South Orkney Islands. The surveys followed pre-determined transect lines during five consecutive days within late January and early February. Three species of penguins were observed and Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) dominated in numbers during Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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A great challenge for Southern Ocean ecosystem science is to assess the status and trends of Southern Ocean marine ecosystems overall, against which change in ecosystem structure and function can be unambiguously assessed in the future.  This challenge includes being able to assess the likelihood of different states in the future.  These requirements are needed by different bodies Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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In 2011/12, 12 vessels from five Members fished for krill in Area 48 and the total catch of krill was 161085 t (Subarea 48.1: 75630 t; Subarea 48.2: 29040 t; Subarea 48.3: 56415 t). The largest catch of krill by small-scale management unit was taken in ‘South Georgia East’ in Subarea 48.3 with a total catch of 50218 t.



So far this season (2012/13), 11 vessels from Chile, Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The level of observer coverage in the krill fishery and  the  scientific sampling undertaken are summarised.  During 2012 all 12 of the vessels that participated in the krill fishery carried observers for some or all of their fishing operations. From a total of 860 vessel days of fishing in 2012 observations of krill length measurements were collected on 375 ‘days’ and fish Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Somatic growth of pelagic invertebrates is controlled by temperature and food, both of which vary in space and time. Because species specific responses in growth rates to environmental variability may affect populations through changes in reproductive potential, measuring spatial and temporal variability in growth rates of highly abundant zooplankton is critical to predict the impact of Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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The US AMLR Program has established a 5 year winter oceanographic and biological sampling program to better understand winter conditions affecting the productivity and survival of euphausiids in a changing ecosystem. Oceanographic sampling includes hydrographic measurements as well as collection and analysis of water samples from fixed depths. Net tows for euphausiids and other pelagic Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Uncertainty related to estimates of krill green weight from catches has recently been an issue raised repeatedly within CCAMLR for a number of years, resulting in a modification to the C1 form implemented for the fleet in 2012. There are at present three Norwegian vessels operating in the krill fishery for Euphausia superba in the Antarctic. These vessels have in recent years Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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A first estimation of the ρ conversion factor for the flow meter, used for converting volume into green weight, is provided.

We conducted a whole-colony census of the Adélie penguin colony at Esperanza/ Hope Bay. We also update breeding population data for selected breeding groups recorded consistently from 1995/96 to 2012/13. Both the whole colony and the selected breeding groups exhibit population declines, similar to what has been observed in other colonies throughout the WAP. The assessment of this population Read More
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Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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1. South Africa is seeking GEF assistance to support capacity building and training to implement scientific research and monitoring in the Antarctic and Southern Ocean ecosystems, including:

• Assisting with identifying areas for special protection or management and developing management plans;
• Developing a collaborative ecosystem assessment and monitoring programme Read More
  Submitted By:
  Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)
  
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Understanding the temporal variability in vital rates (e.g. growth and survivorship) of wild populations is practically and statistically difficult but crucial for connecting such variation to mechanistic drivers and their population consequences. For somatic growth, empirical estimates of variation are rare because they often require expensive long-term tag-recapture programs. In marine Read More
Submitted By:
Sarah Mackey (CCAMLR Secretariat)

Publication:
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 481: 53–67

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